Metabolism is the set of life-sustaining chemical reactions in organisms. It consists of anabolism, the building up of complex molecules from simpler ones (requiring energy), and catabolism, the breaking down of complex molecules into simpler ones (releasing energy). These processes allow cells to grow, reproduce, maintain their structures, and respond to environmental changes.
Here's a bit more detail:
Catabolism: Involves breaking down molecules like carbohydrates and fats to release energy, which is stored as ATP (adenosine triphosphate) for use in cellular activities.
Anabolism: Involves using energy (typically in the form of ATP) to synthesize necessary components such as proteins, nucleic acids, and lipids from simpler molecules.
Together, these processes enable organisms to use nutrients from their environment efficiently, maintain homeostasis, and adapt to their surroundings.
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